Fearful of the potential reaction from its much larger neighbour, Vietnam had initially expressed caution about the upgrade. Yet it is unclear what Vietnam, which is at odds with China over boundaries in the South China Sea, stands to gain in the short term from the upgrade. Meanwhile, Vietnam is talking with several other countries to upgrade and expand its mostly Russian-made arsenal, and has recently engaged in multiple high-level defence meetings with top Russian officials. The U.S. may offer more, said Vu Tu Thanh, head of the Vietnam office of the US-ASEAN Business Council. The upgrade of relations is expected to boost U.S. firms' plans in Vietnam.

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Persons: Joe Biden, Biden, Xi Jinping, Li Qiang, Hong Hiep, Singapore's, – Yusof, Hiep, Thanh, Francesco Guarascio, Trevor Hunnicutt, Khanh Vu, Lincoln Organizations: Manutronics, REUTERS, Rights, United, Washington, ASEAN Business Council, Energy, Boeing, AES, Thomson Locations: Bac Ninh province, Vietnam, Rights HANOI, Hanoi, China, Washington, Russia, Beijing, South China, U.S, Washington's, Thanh